Naegele's rule
The standard estimate of a due date — the estimated date of delivery (EDD) — counts 280 days (40 weeks) from the first day of the last menstrual period:
The classic shortcut is "add one year, subtract three months, add seven days." If your cycle is longer or shorter than the standard 28 days, the date shifts by the difference, because ovulation (and conception) happens later or earlier in a longer or shorter cycle.
Worked example
Last period started January 1, with a 28-day cycle:
Why it's only an estimate
Only about 1 in 20 babies arrives on the exact due date; most births happen within two weeks either side. The LMP method assumes regular cycles and known dates. An early ultrasound dates a pregnancy more accurately and is what clinicians rely on. This tool is for general information.