Tax Bracket Calculator

Enter your 2024 taxable income and filing status to see your total federal income tax, effective rate and marginal bracket.

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Enter income and status, then press Calculate.

How federal tax brackets work

The US federal income tax is progressive: income is divided into bands, and each band is taxed at its own rate. For 2024 the seven rates are 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35% and 37%. You do not pay your top rate on all your income — only on the slice that falls inside that top band.

tax = Σ ( income in band × band rate ) effective rate = total tax ÷ taxable income

Your marginal rate is the rate on your last dollar — the highest band you reach. Your effective rate is your total tax as a share of taxable income, and it is always lower than the marginal rate.

Worked example

A single filer with $75,000 of taxable income in 2024:

10% on the first $11,600 = $1,160.
12% on $11,600–$47,150 ($35,550) = $4,266.
22% on $47,150–$75,000 ($27,850) = $6,127.
Total tax: $1,160 + $4,266 + $6,127 = $11,553.
Effective rate: $11,553 ÷ $75,000 = 15.4%; marginal rate = 22%.
Common mistake: reaching the 22% bracket does not tax all $75,000 at 22%. Only the income above $47,150 is taxed at 22% — the rest is taxed at 10% and 12%.

Taxable income vs. gross income

Brackets apply to taxable income, which is your gross income minus the standard deduction (or itemized deductions) and other adjustments. For 2024 the standard deduction is $14,600 for single filers, $29,200 for married filing jointly and $21,900 for head of household. Subtract that from your gross pay before entering a number here for the most accurate result.

Frequently asked questions

What are the 2024 federal tax brackets?

The seven 2024 rates are 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35% and 37%. The income thresholds differ by filing status, and each rate applies only to income inside that band.

What is the difference between marginal and effective tax rate?

Your marginal rate is the rate on your last dollar of income; your effective rate is total tax ÷ taxable income, which is always lower because earlier income is taxed at lower rates.

Does reaching a higher tax bracket tax all my income at that rate?

No. Only the income above each threshold is taxed at the higher rate, so earning more never lowers your take-home pay.

Is this taxable income or gross income?

Taxable income — your gross income after the standard or itemized deduction. Enter taxable income, not gross salary, for an accurate result.

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Mustafa Bilgic · Editor, Calcool
Bracket math is straightforward band-by-band arithmetic. Thresholds here are the 2024 IRS figures; confirm current-year numbers and deductions at IRS.gov. This tool estimates federal tax only and excludes credits, FICA and state tax.

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